Recent research, in the fields of economics, finance, marketing and decision analysis, has demonstrated the power and flexibility of markets as devices for the aggregation and summarization of information. This research motivated a proposal for a new program within DARPA which will investigate the role markets might play in decision settings of military and security agencies. To promote this program, a conference was organized in Arlington, Virginia in June 2002. The purpose of the conference was to collect the current wisdom regarding the predictive power of markets and to investigate novel applications of markets.